Ressources en anglais

Luca Lo Basso The great maritime republics, notably Genoa and Venice, were major mercantile and maritime nations that participated in the trade of enslaved people in the Mediterranean. Although most of these enslaved men and women came from North Africa, some, through the trans-Saharan trade, came from sub-Saharan Africa. The Quattro Mori monument in Livorno is symbolic of Italy's history of slavery. Even today, in front of Livorno's old port, immediately

Guy Saupin The portrait of this courtier from Malimbe (extreme north of present-day Angola), a maritime gateway to the Kingdom of Kakongo, north of the Zaire River, has been handed down to us from an engraving inserted by the captain of a Saint-Malo ship, Louis Ohier de Grandpré, in his account of the trading expedition conducted in 1785-1786, and published in Paris in 1801. Malimbe, a trading site on the Angolan coast The drawing depicts Tati-Desponts as he is transport

Guy Saupin The Christian doctrine on enslavement drew on ancient Greek philosophy and the confrontation with Islam in the Middle Ages. When Atlantic trade in enslaved African peoples was at its peak, Christian Churches lost interest in the subject and became fully complicit in it, in a surprising contrast to the criticism of the enslavement of Amerindians, voiced by Spanish theologians. Alongside the uneven influence of the Enlightenment movement, well-known Christian figures

Erick Noël The Black people presence in 18th-century Europe was by no means insignificant, fluctuating according to statistics between 4,000 and 5,000 individuals in France and 15,000 in England in the last quarter of the century. This presence first raises the question of the "black" color, which, in addition to designating a population of African origin, descendants of the slave trade and brought by the Atlantic route or via the Mediterranean, also suggests Afro-descendants

Guy Saupin Life in Africa and the trade of enslaved people along the African coast are rarely mentioned in the autobiographies of former slaves. These accounts raise problems of interpretation due to the context of their writing, and must be confronted with historical data. They do, however, have a unique value: they do give voice to the victims of the transatlantic slave trade. In the autobiographies of former slaves published in England and the United States in the

The Spanish trade of enslaved peoples Guy Saupin With more than a million captives shipped (8.5% of all deportations), the Spanish flag...

The Image of the “Other”: Representations of Africans and West Indians in Europe (18th-20th centuries) Christelle Lozère Since antiquity,...

“Formation” by Beyoncé (2016). Pop culture and the social memory of enslavement Emmanuel Parent The singer Beyoncé is an international...

The challenges around the remembrance of Atlantic trade and enslavement in Europe Sébastien Ledoux The need for a public remembrance of...

Presence of African people in Portugal at the time of the trade of enslaved people Aurora Almada e Santos The presence of African slaves...

Portrait: Ebo Boy (c.1749-?), an African Boy in Lancaster, England Alan Rice This entry describes an African-born boy who is held as an...

A portrait: Dodshon Foster (1730-1793), a British Slave Trader Alan Rice This entry describes a typical British merchant who invested in...

Portugal and the invention of the Atlantic trade of enslaved people, 15-16th centuries Aurora Almada e Santos As a result of the overseas...

Northern Europe and the trade of enslaved African peoples Éric Schnakenbourg Often overlooked in the broader history of the trade of...

Colonial products and new modes of consumption Éric Schnakenbourg An essential part of daily life, coffee, chocolate, and tobacco were...

The genesis of the notion of race, 17th – 18th centuries May 10 , 2023 Race is a social and historical construct based on an abstract...

The United Provinces and the Transatlantic Slave Trade April 26 , 2023 With more than 550,000 African captives embarked between 1596 and...

Cowries, the currency of trading April 26 , 2023 Gildas Salaün Small shells, often called or in French archives (a deformation of the...

Thomas Clarkson (1760-1846), a militant abolitionist April 26 , 2023 Françoise Le Jeune Thomas Clarkson is a British abolitionist who...

The abolitionist movement (18th-19th centuries) April 26 , 2023 Françoise Le Jeune It was not until the end of the 18th century that the...